Texas and Missouri are among the more than 28 states that have laws that say "there is no duty to retreat an attacker in any place in which one is lawfully present," according to the National Conference of State Legislatures' website. Which states have 'stand your ground' and the 'castle doctrine?' She was ultimately found guilty of murder and sentenced to 10 years in prison. Guyger said that she mistook Jean's apartment for her own, walked inside and opened fire, fearing he was a burglar. The doctrine came into play in 2019 when a Texas judge directed the jury to consider it in deciding whether then-Dallas Police Officer Amber Guyger had the right to protect herself when she entered the wrong apartment and fatally shot her neighbor, Botham Jean. ![]() "So if you go down to your kitchen at midnight to get a glass of milk and there's an intruder in there, you don't have to run away in your own house. "The 'castle doctrine' is the idea that you don't have a duty to retreat when you're in your house," Cevallos said. Since then, at least 28 states and Puerto Rico have some form of a self-defense law that does not require a person to retreat from an attacker if they are in a place lawfully, according to the nonpartisan National Conference of State Legislatures. In 2005, Florida passed the first "stand your ground" law. "There's no duty to retreat as long as you are confronted with potentially deadly force." "'Stand your ground' is the idea that as you walk around in the world, as long as you're doing it lawfully - you're on the sidewalk or somewhere you're supposed to be - and somebody attacks you, you don't have to run away on the street," he said. "Stand your ground" laws give a person the right to use lethal force outside of their home when they reasonably perceive a threat is present, NBC News legal analyst Danny Cevallos said. Charlie Riedel / AP What does it mean to 'stand your ground?' ![]() The house where 16-year-old Ralph Yarl was shot in Kansas City, Mo. Although "stand your ground" and the "castle doctrine" have not been used publicly as a defense yet in any of these shootings, they highlight the complexity of the laws and how easily they can be misinterpreted.
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